Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Breast
Questions
- Discuss the hormonal influences on breast tissue during the normal mentstrual cycle. Why is this important when scheduling a breast MRI? (max 500 words)
- Discuss the BRCA 1 and BRCA 2 genes. What are the implications for a patient who has a harmful BRCA gene mutation, and how are such patients managed clinically? (max 1000 words)
- MRI can be used to assess breast implant intergrity. Discuss intracapsular and extracapsular rupture and their MRI appearances (max 500 words)
here some references if u might need
Reference 1: Kuhl CK, Schmutzler RK, Leutner CC et al, Breast MR imaging screening in 192 women proved or suspected to be carriers of a breast cancer susceptibility gene: preliminary results. Radiology 2000; 215:267-279
Reference 2 and 3: Raza S, Birdwell RL, et al, Specialty Imaging Breast MRI: A Comprehensive Guide, 2010
Reference 4: U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Press Release dated 26 Jan 2011 www.fda.gov/NewsEvents/Newsroom/PressAnnouncements/ucm241090.htm
Reference 5: Hersh M., Imaging of the Dense Breast: Breast Density and Breast Cancer Risk, Applied Radiology, 2004) www.appliedradiology.com/Issues/2004/01/Articles/Imaging-the-dense-breast.aspx
Reference 6: Berg WA, Gutierrez L, Ness Aiver MS, et al,Diagnostic accuracy of mammography, clinical examination, US and MR imaging in preoperative assessment of breast cancer, Radiology, 2004; 233:830-849)
Reference 7: ACR Practice Guideline for the Performance of Contrast-enhanced Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) of the Breast www.acr.org/secondarymainmenucategories/quality_safety/guidelines/breast/mri_breast.aspx
Reference 8: Morris EA, Liberman L, Breast MRI: Diagnosis and Intervention (2005).
Reference 9:Lehman CD, DeMartini W , Anderson BO; Edge, SB, Indications for Breast MRI in Patient with Newly Diagnosed Breast Cancer: Impact of Breast MRI on Sugical Management and Recurrence rates J Natl Compr Canc Netw. 2009;7(2):193-201
Reference 10: Delill JP, Slanetz PJ, Yeh ED et al “Hormone replacement therapy in post menopausal women: Breast tissue perfusion determined with MR imaging – initial observations” Radiology 2005 235, 36 – 451
Reference 11: Delille JP, Slanetz PJ, Yeh ED et al “Physiologic changes in breast magnetic resonance imaging during the menstrual cycle: perfusion imaging, signal enhancement and influence of the T1 relaxation time of breast tissue” Breast J 2005; 11: 236 – 241
Reference 12: Muller-Schimpfle M, Ohmenhouser K, Stoll P et al “Menstrual cycle and age: influence on parenchymal contrast enhnacement in MR imaging of the breast” Radiology 1997 203: 145-149
Reference 13: Ellis RL “Optimal timing of breast MRI examinations for premenopausal women who do not have a normal menstrual cycle” AJR 2009 193:1738 – 1740
Reference 14: Morris E. A, Liberman L. Breast MRI: Diagnosis and Intervention (2004